We Are What We Eat (Mark 7: 1-8, 14-15, 21-23)

'We are what we eat' is a familiar saying, first attributed to Hippocrates, the father of modern medicine, 2,500 years ago. And yet, as most of us will be aware, monitoring what we eat is not always easy, for a whole lot of reasons.

Early in my career, I was a Medical Social Worker based in a small regional hospital and worked alongside the Hospital's Geriatrician. One day I accompanied him to the bedside of a person who was having issues with her weight, so much so it was affecting her health. It was the reason for her admission and special weight reduction diet. However, the diet seemed to have little effect. In response to the doctor's questioning, the woman assured us that she was careful about what she ate, but food just seemed to stick to her. (Not an uncommon reality for many people – especially as the years tick by). The doctor, with sudden insight, reached over and opened the draw in the woman's bedside table. It was stuffed full of chocolates and biscuits. He was not amused. 'The only way you gain weight', he said, 'is through your mouth'.

'We Are What We Eat' we eat is a common issue. Just Google the number of Cook Books based on that title. In 2016, even the United Nations produced an exhibit to draw the world's attention to the impact caused by an unbalanced diet. For some, it is the result of not having access to enough healthy food. For others, it is because they overeat. The exhibit also drew attention to the global necessity for food and agricultural practices that are adequate, secure, and safe. And it is with this last issue we come to the Gospel reading set for this coming Sunday that covers a conflict between Jesus and the Jewish Leaders (Mark 7: 1-8, 14-15, 21-23).

The conflict arose because some of the disciples were ignoring the strict Jewish code on hand washing. Living as we are in the midst of a Covid-19 outbreak, we have become well informed about the need to sanitise our hands numerous times a day. And we do it because we understand the importance and relevance. However, the Gospels were written long before the discovery of bacteria and viruses.

For the Jewish legal experts, it was about power and control. They had taken the written laws (found in the Old Testament of our Bible) and turned them into a complicated oral code that controlled every aspect of life. It included the way a person must wash their hands. Ignorance was no excuse. Nor intelligence, for that matter, even if the rules were ridiculous. They had made so many conditions it was impossible for the ordinary person to know or keep them – and this included most of the people who flocked after Jesus.

What I find interesting in Sunday's Gospel reading is the way Jesus cuts to the core issue. He ignores the petty rules and regulations. Things are neither clean nor unclean in a religious sense: only when people make them so. It is when we focus on the minor issues in life, we tend to lose sight of the major ones. We then reveal our attitudes through our thoughts and actions, our moods, our plans and choices.

Jesus showed us that the only law that matters is love. And it is the love-relationship we have with God that affects the way we treat others and ourselves.  As Pope Francis once said:

Keep your gaze fixed on Jesus Christ and learn from him how to love with a truly human heart, to care for the lost and hurting members of his flock, to work for justice and show solidarity with the weak and the poor. Learn from him to give hope and dignity to the destitute, and to go forth to all those places where people are in need of acceptance and assistance¹.

Kia mau te rongo me te pai ki a koe i to haerenga 

May you find peace and goodwill on your journey.

Phil

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1http://popesprayerusa.net/2017/09/18/pope-francis-encourages-devotion-to-the-sacred-heart/

 

Do This in Remembrance of Me

For the last few Sundays, our Gospel readings have come from the sixth chapter of the Gospel of John. The chapter began with the story of Jesus feeding 5,000 people using the lunch offered by the generosity and naivety of a young boy. The Gospel writer then compares the feeding of the crowd with the feeding of the early Jewish refugees who lived on 'bread from heaven' during their journey from Egypt to their promised land. Jesus then claims he is the bread of life, and those who come to him will never be hungry.1

His claim evokes a critical response from the Jewish authorities since, in their eyes, Jesus was only the son of a carpenter and had no recognised training nor authority to teach. It is also quite understandable that many of the crowd found his teaching confusing and difficult to believe and ceased to follow him. Taken literally, I am sure we also would struggle to understand what Jesus meant when he announced:

“Those who eat my flesh and drink my blood abide in me, and I in them”2

To say he was referring to the Eucharist is an anachronism. Although by the time the Gospels were written, the followers of Jesus met regularly in their homes. Their meetings often included a meal with a simple ritualised remembering of the last supper Jesus shared with his disciples. They took bread, as Jesus had, and said, “This is my body that is for you”. At the end of their meal, they took a cup of wine and said it was “The New Covenant in his blood. Do this as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me”.3 However, the belief that the bread and wine changed into his literal body and blood came later and was not universally accepted.4 It is also pertinent to note, that in Jewish thought, blood was a symbol of life, and all life belonged to God. Hence, the Jews had strict laws against the consumption of blood and protocols on draining all blood from meat before being cooked.5

The second thing to note is that the Gospel of John was written much later than the other three Gospels included in the Bible. The images and metaphors are more those of a 'Jewish Mystic', reflecting a genre closer to that found in the Gnostic gospel of Thomas. Both, for example, invite us to move beyond a literal interpretation of the words and listen to the experience to which they point so that we, in turn, can enter that experience and live it. So that we can learn to become a Christ to the communities in which we live as we feed our minds, hearts and souls on his life and teaching.

The following story offers a lovely illustration of what it means to be Christ to someone else and to share Eucharist with them. It is set in the early days of our country and is about a pioneer seeking his fortune, hunting for gold. One day, as he was making his way up an empty river bed, he noticed something shining amongst the stones. Bending over, he discovered a large nugget of pure gold. Thrilled with his find, he tucked it away carefully in his bag and continued his journey. Shortly afterwards, he met a man staggering down the river bed. He looked thin and exhausted. When they met, the man begged him for some food. While they sat sharing the simple meal, the man poured out his story. He had been in the hills for weeks hunting for gold and found nothing. He was now returning home empty-handed and bankrupt. His life was in ruins.

The man's plight moved the prospector. Reaching into his bag, he handed over the gold nugget. The man was speechless with joy. Now he could return home with his pride intact. The prospector wished him well and continued his journey up the riverbed. A little later in the day, he heard someone hurrying up behind him. It was the same person he had met earlier. When the man reached the prospector, he handed back the gold nugget and pleaded, 'Please take it – for you have a treasure far more precious than this gold nugget. Can you teach me what enabled you to give it away so easily?'

Jesus said... I was hungry and you gave me food,
I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink,
I was a stranger and you welcomed me...
“Truly I tell you, just as you did it to one of the least of these
who are members of my family, you did it to me.”6

Kia mau te rongo me te pai ki a koe i to haerenga

May you find peace and good will on your journey.

Phil

______________
1 John 6:35
2 John 6:56
3 1Cor 11:20–26.
4 For example, see Nathan Busenitz https://blog.tms.edu/did-the-early-church-teach-transubstantiation
5 Genesis 9:4
6 Matthew 25:35,40

St Mary, the Mother of Jesus

 

This Sunday, the 15th of August, is the day in the Church year when we celebrate the Feast of St Mary, the Mother of Jesus. The actual title of the day depends on the Church you attend. In the Roman Catholic Church, for example, it is called the Feast of the Assumption marking the bodily ascent of Mary into heaven at the end of her life. For Orthodox Christians, it is called the Feast of the Dormition of the Theotokos, traditionally kept as a national and religious holiday to celebrate the “falling asleep” or death of the mother of Jesus. And in the Anglican Church calendar, it is referred to as St Mary, the Mother of Jesus – a title that occurs in Acts 1:14 – and is implied in various Gospel passages. This title is also a compromise between the streams of belief found in the Anglican Church.

Those of a more evangelical or low church tradition, for example, usually avoid the feast day partly because it is not Biblical. However, those of a more Anglo-catholic faith, celebrate the feast in a very similar way to the Roman Catholic Church. And those Anglicans of a more Orthodox outlook might use lots of incense and music in their celebration. Understandably, those who have no religious faith may feel both confused and curious.

I grew up in an evangelical Anglican household. My father was an Anglican minister, and my mother was a Church Army Officer. (The Church Army is an organisation within the Anglican Church that trained people to become street evangelists and run evangelistic missions). As a teenager, I loved going into the Church near our house in the evenings when no one else was there. Sometimes I would play the organ. Other times I would sit and allow the silence of the building to wrap itself around me. In that space, words were no longer necessary. The silence was more potent than words could ever describe.

Years later, when living in a Franciscan Community in the USA, I explored one of the tracks that made its way up the hillside. On this particular track, someone had placed fourteen posts at intervals, marking the events mentioned in the Gospels during Jesus journey to the cross, usually referred to as The Stations of the Cross. When I came to the fourth post, which marked Jesus meeting his mother, I experienced a moment when time suddenly felt it was standing still. And while nothing changed – everything changed because I had a strong-extrasensory feeling that Mary was also standing there.

I have often pondered that experience. Some years later, I came across this passage from Albert Schweitzer. He was commenting on the mystery of human relationships and wrote:

We wander through this life together in a semi-darkness in which none of us can distinguish exactly the features of our neighbour. Only from time to time, through some experience that we have of our companion, or through some remark passed, they stand for a moment close to us, as though illuminated by a flash of lightning. Then we see them as they really are. 1

That moment on that hillside was a similar moment for me, when Mary, the mother of Jesus, stood 'for a moment close' to me 'as though illuminated by a flash of lightning'. The experience also provided me with new insight into a prayer that Father Bede Jarrett. O.P. once wrote and is often used at funerals:

Life is unending because love is undying,
and the boundaries of this mortal life are but a horizon,
and a horizon is but the limit of our sight.
Lift us up, strong Son of God, that we may see further!
Strengthen us in faith that we may see beyond the horizon!
And while you prepare a place for us, as you have promised,
prepare us also for that happy place,
that where you are we may be also,
with those we have loved, forever.2

Kia mau te rongo me te pai ki a koe i to haerenga

May you find peace and good will on your journey.

Phil

_____________

1   Albert Schweitzer, Charles Rhind Joy (1947). “Albert Schweitzer: An Anthology”, Boston: Beacon Press

2  https://rccav.org/prayers/day-5-november-fifth

Living Bread for the Soul (John 6: 51-58)

During the past week, my wife and I had some friends over for the evening. When they arrived, we offered drinks and nibbles and later an evening meal. The meal had taken quite a lot of time to organise and cook – yet their coming wasn't just about the meal. We wanted to catch up. To hear what was happening in their lives and to share our lives with them. The food might have been important – but the conversation was more memorable.

This coming Sunday, we continue our journey through Chapter 6 of John's Gospel ( vv 51-58). The author introduces a lot of important themes during this chapter. Poverty and the positive side of doubts are just two I have mentioned in earlier blogs. Our next bite of 'food for the soul' is when Jesus talks about being 'living bread': “Those who eat my flesh and drink my blood will have eternal life”. Naturally, his listeners thought he had lost the plot.

Traditionally, this passage is understood as referring to the Eucharist. A service celebrated in many Churches and based on the Last Supper Jesus had with his disciples1. The Roman Catholic Church, for example, considers it the most important act of worship and usually celebrates it daily. The words of John's Gospel are taken literally. During the ritual, they believe the bread and wine become Christ's “body and his blood with his soul and his divinity”2. In contrast, there are other Christians, such as the Quaker's, who might never celebrate the Last Supper as a ritualised physical meal. They believe no ritual is needed to get in touch with God because God is already present within us. Over the centuries, much ink and argument as ensued as to what Jesus meant or intended.

I find ritual can be helpful, especially when done well or it is personally meaningful. Before I start my daily meditation, for example, I light a candle and some incense. I find this action helps to prepare me for my time of reflection and prayer. I am not alone in this as Timothy Jennings mentions:

“Rituals are the tools [God] uses to get us to think and to stimulate conversation with (the Divine).”3

I also find the Quaker, Brent Bill's comment in his book 'Holy Silence' insightful. He invites his readers to discover how God can grant us insights and guidance when we make time to be silent. These spiritual understandings are different to those we might experience in our noisy and everyday lives. Brent Bill then gives us an example that occurred during one of his Quaker meetings.

As people arrived, there was the usual chatter and conversation. Then, when it was time for the meeting to begin, it was followed by the usual noise people make as they settled down and make themselves comfortable. Slowly, as these exterior sounds dropped away, Brent was left with his internal chatter. The sort of concerns that so readily fills our minds when the events of everyday life no longer demand our attention. Gradually, this too settled, and he experienced something that he described as being 'dropped into a well of holy silence' which guided him into the 'deep waters of his soul'. And that was when he became aware of the Divine Presence deep within. It was as if the words of John's Gospel had suddenly become alive for him: 

'The Word became flesh and made its dwelling among us,
and we beheld his glory, the glory of the One and only who came from the Father,
full of grace and truth'.4

For me, that is what Jesus was referring to in John 6:51-58. God has given us the gift of life and invites us to shape our lives into a loving gift for others and God, as we:

Become familiar with her ways.
Grow to love her, feel [her] with all your heart,
and you will come to hear her silent music
and become one with Love’s silent song.5

Kia mau te rongo me te pai ki a koe i to haerenga

May you find peace and goodwill on your journey.

Phil 

_______________


1 See Matthew 26:17–29; Mark 14:12–25; Luke 22:7–38; and I Corinthians 11:23–25
2 Catechism of the Catholic Church, St Paul's Pub., 2nd Edition, 1997, para 1413
3 Timothy R. Jennings, The God-Shaped Brain. How Changing Your View of God Transforms Your Life (Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2013), 115.
4 Brent Bill, J, Holy Silence – The Gift of Quaker Spirituality, Paraclete; 1st Edition edition, 2005. p. 3.
5 Davis, Noel: http://effortlesspeace.com/silence-quotes/

My Daily Prayer

 

The Positive Side of Doubts (John6:35, 41-51)

I am sure we all suffer from doubts. Can I trust today's weather forecast? Will the Covid– 9 viruses change the way we live forever? Do I have enough faith – or courage – or the ability to handle the situation I face?

Doubts are real, especially when we get caught between two or more alternatives, and we don't know what we should do, or who to believe. Such doubts can be either negative or positive. They can stop us in our tracks, or they can motivate us to learn something new; to seek advice or to develop new skills or wisdom.

In the history of Christianity, the Church hasn't handled people's ability to doubt very well. Take the Apostle, Thomas, for example. He doubted Jesus' resurrection. He wasn't the only Christian to do that. And because it didn't seem possible, Thomas wanted physical proof. He wanted to see and touch and prove to himself that what the other disciples were saying was accurate and true. Today, you might say that he showed good critical thinking skills, or that he was a good scientist. He wanted to collect his own evidence and test that evidence. He wanted to see Jesus with his own eyes and to touch him with his own hands. Yet we find that rather than approving of Thomas methodology, such attitude was not, and has not been encouraged by the Church. In fact, it has often been regarded as a sin. That is until Pope Francis shocked the more conservative Catholics in 2015 when he announced that doubt was the key to the life of faith:

“We do not need to be afraid of questions and doubts
because they are the beginning of a path of knowledge and going deeper;
one who does not ask questions cannot progress either in knowledge or in faith.,” 1

There is wisdom for us all of us in Pope Francis' insight. The important thing is not to focus on our doubts and questions and uncertainties – rather, it is what we do with our doubts that is important. Do we use them as an excuse, or do we use them as an incentive to seek new answers? The Irish writer, lecturer, storyteller, and public speaker, Peter Rollins subtitled his book 'Insurrection' with the engaging maxim: "To Believe Is Human To Doubt, Divine". That is because an absolute faith leaves no room for the mystery of God to enter. Rather, as St Augustine once said, we are to ''seek God to find God; and to find God means we need to keep searching for God forever”.2

This week's Gospel reading is from the Gospel of John (6:35, 41-51). We hear how the Jewish gatekeepers were upset about the things Jesus was doing and saying. In their world, he had become a 'loose canon' (or' loose archer' would be a more historically accurate metaphor). His popularity among the 'uneducated classes' was rated higher than theirs. The crowds were following him and his teaching was increasingly subversive and hard to believe. Such an approach was not well received by the Jewish hierarchy because it threatened their power base and authority.

Yet to understand John's Gospel we need to appreciate that the author was a Jewish Mystic who drew heavily on Hebraic images and metaphors. All the language and images in John's Gospel are drawn from the Hebrew Scriptures, and the Gospel was written to provide readings to coincide with each Sabbath for the whole of the Jewish liturgical year.

For example, in the Gospel we encounter God who is the great “I AM” and as a result, each one of us can also affirm that we also share the life of the “I AM” – and hear the same song of the“I AM” echoing throughout the cosmos. In each moment, it is potentially possible for us to experience as Jesus did the mystical Oneness of God whose life and love form the foundation of all that exists, and for each one of us to encounter this mystery of eternity.

No wonder Jesus said to his listeners: "I am the bread of life. Whoever comes to me will never be hungry, and whoever believes in me will never be thirsty". And it is little wonder that his listeners – and maybe us too – doubted his authenticity until we taste that living bread for ourselves.

Kia mau te rongo me te pai ki a koe i to haerenga
May you find peace and goodwill on your journey.

Phil
_____________
Spong, JS, The Fourth Gospel: Tales of a Jewish Mystic.HarperOne, 2014
Green, A, Seek My Face: A Jewish Mystical Theology, Jewish Lights, 2012
1“Pope Francis says doubt is key to life of faith' C Wooden Nov 23, 2016, Catholic News Service. https://cruxnow.com/vatican/2016/11/pope-francis-says-doubt-key-life-faith/
2https://www.americamagazine.org/faith/2013/09/30/big-heart-open-god-interview-pope-francis

The High Cost of 'Me First' (John 6: 25-35)

 During the night, I listened to a radio interview on the increasing cost of food in NZ Supermarkets. A recent Government Report by the NZ Commerce Commission found that NZ shoppers were paying high prices by international standards while the Supermarkets were reaping high profits. The reason for this is partly due to lack of competition. All NZ Supermarkets are owned by two major distributors. This monopoly has a two-way effect. Consumers are paying more, and the growers are receiving less for their produce. According to the radio interview I heard during the night, growers are also charged for shelf space and for loss of their stock through theft. At the same time, an estimated 18,000 more children in poverty since the beginning of last year.

These statistics provided a backdrop to my reading of today's Gospel from John chapter 6 verses. 25-35 which continues the story of Jesus feeding 5,000 people with five loaves and two fish. Poverty was common and visible in the time of Jesus. It is estimated, 9 out of 10 people lived close to, or below, subsistence level. Unlike us in New Zealand, there was no State support or concern for the destitute. This was one reason why Jesus spoke so often about the poor. One sign of the Kingdom of God was people willing to feed the hungry; give water to the thirsty; welcome the stranger; clothe the naked; take care of the sick and visit those in prison – many of whom were incarcerated because they could not pay the levies and fines imposed on the poor(1). This was also one reason why Pope Francis commented that: 

“Poverty is at the heart of the Gospel. If we were to remove poverty from the Gospel, people would understand nothing about Jesus' message”.(2)

“It is also interesting to realize that when Jesus spoke of “blessed are the poor” he wasn't supporting material poverty, rather the hope that those who shared his vision of a Kingdom of God would help to create a world in which there was no material deprivation.(3)

It is this context that gives meaning to the Gospel story of Jesus feeding the 5000 people. He was providing a visual example for his followers to reflect upon and learn. If one person, through their faith and action, could make a difference to others – albeit as temporary as it was – what would the world be like if all people shared a similar vision? When we focus on our inadequacy or on the little resources we have, nothing will change; nothing much will happen. But when we, like the young lad who offered his small lunch of five loaves and two fish in hopeful anticipation, the God-factor steps in; “Give,” said Jesus, “and it will be given to you. A good measure, pressed down and shaken together, running over, will be put into your lap; for the measure you give will be the measure you get back”.(4)

The crowd whom Jesus fed, did not get this either. They migrated after him, understandably hoping for another free meal. The composer of John's Gospel takes this story and uses it as a teaching event. While physical food is essential for life, its effects are transient. Physical deprivation will continue until the Gospel vision of equality for all is shared by every person – by both the poor and the wealthy alike. This is the radical message of the Gospel Jesus came to live and teach.

This story from John's Gospel also leaves us with the question: 'For what do I hunger?' 

The 'Me First' attitude of our age cannot give lasting satisfaction. Nor will greed or inequality or oppression of those less fortunate than ourselves.

The meditation teacher, Sri Chinmoy, once said something that sounds very similar to the Gospel of Jesus:

“Let us love. Love is the inner bond, the inner connection, the inner link between us and God, between the finite and the infinite. True, this world of ours is full of hatred and disbelief, but that is no reason why we should not love and why we should not believe. Love is the inner bond, the inner connection, the inner link between us and God, between the finite and the infinite. By loving more and more one day we shall be able to solve all our problems.(5)

Kia mau te rongo me te pai ki a koe i to haerenga
May you find peace and goodwill on your journey.

Phil
_____________________
 

1 eg Matthew 18:21-35; Luke 18:1-8 

2Glatz, Carol, “Pope Francis: Concern for poor is a sign of Gospel, not a red flag of communism” Catholic News Service | Jun. 16, 2015 

3See Kairos Center: Jesus and Poverty: Preaching Power for the Poor People, https://kairoscenter.org/jesus-and-poverty-preaching-power-for-poor-people/ 

 

4 Luke 6:37-38 

5https://www.srichinmoyquotes.com/quotes-love/